Zviripachena kuti denda iri rakafumura kusamira zvakanaka kwemaketani epasi rose - dambudziko iro indasitiri yezvekugadzirisa zvinhu icharamba yakatarisana nayo gore rino.Supply cheni mapato anoda yakakwira mwero wekuchinjika uye kushandira pamwe kwepedyo kuitira kuti agadzirire zvizere kubata nedambudziko uye tariro yekugadzirisa iyo post covid era.
Mugore rapfuura, kuvhiringwa kwepasi rose, kuzara kwechiteshi, kushomeka kwehuwandu, kukwira kwemitengo yekutakura mugungwa uye denda rinoramba riripo zvakaunza matambudziko kune vatakuri, zviteshi, vatakuri uye vatengesi vezvigadzirwa.Tichitarisira kuna 2022, nyanzvi dzinofungidzira kuti kudzvanywa kwepasirese kuenderera mberi - mambakwedza pakupera kwemugero hakuzoonekwe kusvika hafu yechipiri yegore pakutanga.
Kunyanya kukosha, kubvumirana mumusika wekutakura ndewekuti kudzvanywa kuchaenderera mberi muna 2022, uye chiyero chekutakura hachigone kudonha kumashure padanho denda risati rasvika.Port capacity nyaya uye congestion icharamba ichisanganiswa nekudiwa kwakasimba kubva kuindasitiri yezvinhu zvevatengi.
Monika Schnitzer, nyanzvi yezvehupfumi yekuGermany, anofanotaura kuti musiyano weOmicron wazvino uchave nekukanganisa kwenguva yekufambisa kwepasi rose mumwedzi iri kuuya."Izvi zvinogona kuwedzera matambudziko aripo ekusununguka," akayambira."Nekuda kwekusiyana kwe delta, nguva yekufambisa kubva kuChina kuenda kuUnited States yakawedzera kubva pamazuva 85 kusvika kumazuva zana, uye inogona kuwedzera zvakare. Sezvo mamiriro ezvinhu anoramba akaoma, Europe inobatwawo nematambudziko aya."
Panguva imwecheteyo, denda ririkuramba riripo rakakonzera kusagadzikana kumahombekombe ekumadokero kweUnited States uye zviteshi zvikuru zveChina, izvo zvinoreva kuti mazana ezvikepe zvemidziyo zvakamirira mugungwa kuti zvigadzirwe.Pakutanga gore rino, Maersk akayambira vatengi kuti nguva yekumirira kuti ngarava dzemidziyo dziburutse kana kutora zvinhu paLong Beach port padyo neLos Angeles yaive pakati pemazuva makumi matatu nemasere kusvika makumi mana nemashanu, uye "kunonoka" kwaitarisirwa kuenderera.
Tichitarisa kuChina, kune kushushikana kuri kukura kuti ichangoburwa Omicron budiriro ichatungamira kune imwezve kuvharwa kwechiteshi.Zviremera zveChinese zvakavhara kwenguva pfupi zviteshi zveYantian neNingbo gore rapfuura.Zvirambidzo izvi zvakonzera kuti vatyairi vemarori vanonoke kutakura macontainer akatakura uye asina chinhu pakati pemafekitari nemachiteshi, uye kuvhiringwa kwekugadzirwa nekutakura kwakonzera kuti kunonoke kuburitsa uye kudzoserwa kwemidziyo isina chinhu kumafekitari ari mhiri kwemakungwa.
MuRotterdam, chiteshi chezvikepe chikuru cheEurope, kusangana kunotarisirwa kuenderera mukati megore ra2022. Kunyange zvazvo ngarava isiri kumirira kunze kweRotterdam panguva ino, simba rekuchengetedza rakaganhurirwa uye kubatanidza munhika dzeEurope hakusi nyore.
Emile hoogsteden, director director weRotterdam Port Authority, akati: "tinotarisira kuti kusangana kwakanyanya paRotterdam container terminal kuenderere mberi kwenguva pfupi muna 2022.""Izvi imhaka yekuti ngarava dzepasi rose dzemidziyo uye terminal huwandu hauna kuwedzera pamwero unoenderana nezvinodiwa."Zvakangodaro, muna Zvita gore rapfuura, chiteshi chengarava chakazivisa kuti vhoriyamu yekutakura yakapfuura mamirioni gumi nemashanu emakumi maviri tsoka yakaenzana unit (TEU) midziyo kekutanga.
"KuHamburg Port, nzvimbo dzayo dzinoshanda uye dzakawanda dzinoshanda zvakajairwa, uye vashandisi vemidziyo vanopa 24/7 kutenderera kwewachi sevhisi," akadaro Axel mattern, CEO weHamburg Port kambani yekushambadzira."Vatori vechikamu chikuru pachiteshi vari kuedza kubvisa mabhodhoro uye kunonoka nekukurumidza."
Ngarava dzanonoka dzisingagone kukanganiswa neHamburg Port dzimwe nguva dzinotungamira mukuunganidzwa kwemidziyo yekuburitsa kunze kwenyika pachiteshi chengarava.Iwo materminal, anotakura zvinhu uye makambani ekutumira anobatanidzwa anoziva nezvebasa ravo rekushanda zvakanaka uye anoshanda mukati mechikamu chemhinduro dzinobvira.
Kunyangwe kumanikidzwa kune vafambisi, 2021 igore rakabudirira kumakambani ekutakura midziyo.Zvinoenderana nekufanotaura kwealphaliner, mupi weruzivo rwekutumira, makambani gumi anotungamira akanyorwa ekutakura midziyo anotarisirwa kuwana rekodhi purofiti yeUS $ 115 bhiriyoni kusvika US $ 120 bhiriyoni muna 2021. Ichi chishamiso chinofadza uye chinogona kushandura chimiro cheindasitiri, nekuti. mihoro iyi inogona kudzoserwa, alphaliner analysts akadaro mwedzi wapfuura.
Iyo indasitiri yakabatsirwawo nekukurumidza kudzoreredza kwekugadzirwa muAsia uye kudiwa kwakasimba muEurope neUnited States.Nekuda kwekushomeka kwemutakuri wemidziyo, zvinhu zvemugungwa zvakada kupetwa zvakapetwa kaviri gore rapfuura, uye kufanotaura kwekutanga kunoratidza kuti mitoro inogona kusvika padanho repamusoro muna 2022.
Vaongorori vedata veXeneta vanoshuma kuti zvibvumirano zvekutanga muna 2022 zvinoratidza rekodhi yakakwirira mune ramangwana."Zvichapera rinhi?"Akabvunza Patrick Berglund, CEO wexeneta.
"Vafambisi vengarava vanoda zvimwe zvinodikanwa zvekuyamura kutakura zvinhu vakatambudzwa neimwe denderedzwa remabhomba anorema kusvika kumitengo yepasi. Dutu rinoramba riripo rekuda kukuru, kuwandisa, kuzara kwechiteshi, kushandura tsika dzevatengi uye kuvhiringika kwakawanda kwemaketani ekutengesa kuri kutyaira mutengo. kuputika, uko, kutaura chokwadi, hatisati tamboona."
Mamiriro emakambani makuru ekutakura mabhokisi pasi rose ashandukawo.Alphaliner yakashuma muhuwandu hwayo hwezvikepe zvepasi rose muna Ndira kuti Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSc) yakapfuura Maersk kuita kambani hombe yepasirese yekutakura midziyo.
MSc yava kushandisa ngarava dze645 dzine huwandu hwe4284728 TEUs, ukuwo Maersk ine 4282840 TEUs (736), uye yakapinda chinzvimbo chekutungamira neinosvika 2000. Makambani ese ari maviri ane chikamu che17% chemusika wepasi rose.
CMA CGM yeFrance, ine hutakuri hwe3166621 TEU, yawanazve nzvimbo yechitatu kubva kuCOSCO Group (2932779 TEU), inova nzvimbo yechina, ichiteverwa naHerbert Roth (1745032 TEU).Nekudaro, kuna s Ren Skou, Maersk's CEO, kurasikirwa nechinzvimbo chepamusoro hakuratidzike kunge idambudziko rakakura.
Mune chirevo chakabudiswa gore rapera, Skou akati, "chinangwa chedu hachisi chekuve nhamba yekutanga. Chinangwa chedu ndechekuita basa rakanaka kune vatengi vedu, kupa mari yakawanda, uye chinonyanya kukosha, kuva kambani yakanaka. pamwe neMaersk."Akataurawo kuti kambani inokoshesa zvakanyanya mukuwedzera hunyanzvi hwayo hwekugadzirisa zvinhu zvine mubairo wakakura.
Kuti zvizadzise chinangwa ichi, Mars yakazivisa kutorwa kweLF Logistics inotungamirwa kuHong Kong muna Zvita kuti iwedzere kuvharika kwayo uye kutakura zvinhu mudunhu reAsia Pacific.Mari yemadhora 3.6 bhiriyoni yese dhizaini ndeimwe yezvakakura zvakatorwa munhoroondo yekambani.
Mwedzi uno, PSA International Pte Ltd (PSA) muSingapore yakazivisa chimwe chibvumirano chikuru.Port group yakasaina chibvumirano chekuwana 100% yezvikamu zvega zvega zveBDP international, Inc. (BDP) kubva kuGreenbriar equity group, LP (Greenbriar), kambani yakazvimirira yega ine muzinda kuNew York.
Inotungamirwa muPhiladelphia, BDP mupi wepasirese weakasanganiswa ekupa cheni, zvekufambisa uye zvekugadzirisa mhinduro.Iine mahofisi e133 pasi rese, inonyanya kugadzirisa macheni ekupa akaomesesa uye akanyanya kutarisisa zvinhu uye zvigadziriso zvekuona.
Tan Chong Meng, CEO wePSA International Group, akati: "BDP ichave yekutanga kutora kukuru kwePSA kwerudzi urwu - yepasi rose yakasanganiswa yekugovera cheni uye yekufambisa mhinduro inopa kugona-kusvika-kumagumo logistics kugona. kupa zvigadziriso zvinochinjika, zvinochinjika uye zvine hutsva zvekutakura zvinhu. Vatengi vachabatsirikana kubva kune yakakura kugona kweBDP nePSA uku vachimhanyisa shanduko yavo kune inoenderera mberi cheni."Kutengeserana kuchiri kuda mvumo yepamutemo yezviremera zvinoenderana nemamwe mamiriro ekuvhara echivanhu.
Iyo yakasimba yekugovera cheni mushure medenda iri zvakare yakawedzera kukanganisa kukura kwekufambisa kwemhepo.
Zvinoenderana nedata remusika wepasi rose wekutakura zvinhu zvakaburitswa neInternational Air Transport Association (IATA), kukura kwakadzikira muna Mbudzi 2021.
Nepo mamiriro ehupfumi achiramba akanakira indasitiri, kukanganisa kweketani uye zvimhingamipinyi zvekugona zvakakanganisa kudiwa.Sezvo kukanganisa kwedenda kuchikanganisa kuenzanisa pakati pemhedzisiro yemwedzi nemwedzi muna 2021 na2020, muenzanisi wakaitwa muna Mbudzi 2019, unotevera maitiro akajairwa.
Zvinoenderana nedata reIATA, kudiwa kwepasirese kwakayerwa nematani emakiromita ezvigadzirwa (ctks) kwakawedzera ne3.7% zvichienzaniswa naNovember 2019 (4.2% yebhizinesi repasirese).Izvi zvakaderera zvakanyanya pane kukura kwe8.2% muna Gumiguru 2021 (2% yebhizinesi repasi rose) uye mwedzi yapfuura.
Kunyange zvazvo mamiriro ehupfumi ari kuramba achitsigira kukura kwekutakura kwemhepo, kukanganiswa kwekutengesa kunonoka kukura nekuda kwekushayikwa kwevashandi, muchidimbu nekuda kwekuparadzaniswa kwevashandi, kusakwana kwekuchengetedza nzvimbo kune dzimwe nhandare dzendege uye kuwedzera kwekugadzirisa shure kwekupedzisira kwegore.
Congestion yakataurwa panhandare dzendege dzakati wandei, kusanganisira New York's Kennedy International Airport, Los Angeles neAmsterdam's Schiphol Airport.Nekudaro, kutengesa kwekutengesa muUnited States neChina kunoramba kwakasimba.MuUnited States, kutengesa kwezvitoro kwakakwira 23.5% kupfuura mwero muna Mbudzi 2019, nepo kuChina, kutengesa kwepamhepo kwekaviri gumi nerimwe kwakakwira 60.8% kupfuura mwero muna 2019.
MuNorth America, kukura kwekutakura kwemhepo kunoramba kuchifambiswa nekudiwa kwakasimba.Zvichienzaniswa neMbudzi 2019, huwandu hwekutakura zvinhu munyika dzendege dzenyika hwakawedzera ne11.4% muna Mbudzi 2021. Izvi zvaive zvakaderera pane zvakaitwa muna Gumiguru (20.3%).Supply cheni kutsvikinyidzana munzvimbo dzakati wandei dzekutakura zvinhu muUnited States kwakanganisa kukura.Hunhu hwekufambisa kwepasi rose hwakadzikira ne0.1% zvichienzaniswa naNovember 2019.
Zvichienzaniswa nemwedzi iwoyo muna 2019, huwandu hwekutakura zvinhu munyika dzeEuropean ndege muna Mbudzi 2021 hwakawedzera ne0.3%, asi izvi zvakadzikira zvakanyanya zvichienzaniswa ne7.1% muna Gumiguru 2021.
Ndege dzekuEurope dzinokanganiswa nekusangana kwekutengesa uye zvipinganidzo zvenzvimbo.Zvichienzaniswa nedanho repamberi pedambudziko, huwandu hwekufambisa kwepasirese muna Mbudzi 2021 hwakadzikira ne9.9%, uye kutakura kwenzira huru dzeEurasian kwakadzikira ne7.3% panguva imwe cheteyo.
Muna Mbudzi 2021, huwandu hwepasi rose hwekutakura mhepo hweAsia Pacific Airlines hwakawedzera ne5.2% zvichienzaniswa nemwedzi mumwe chete muna 2019, yakaderera zvishoma pane kuwedzera kwe5.9% mwedzi wapfuura.Huwandu hwekutakura nyika dzedunhu hwakadzikira zvishoma muna Mbudzi, pasi ne9.5% zvichienzaniswa ne2019.
Zviripachena kuti denda iri rakafumura kusamira zvakanaka kwepasi rose rekutengesa - dambudziko iro indasitiri yezvekugadzirisa zvinhu icharamba yakatarisana nayo gore rino.Huwandu hwepamusoro hwekuchinjika uye kubatana kwepedyo pakati pemapato ese ari muchikamu chekutengesa kunodiwa kugadzirira zvizere dambudziko uye tariro yekutarisana neiyo post denda era.
Kudyara muzvivakwa zvekufambisa, sekudyara kwakakura muUnited States, kunogona kubatsira kuvandudza mashandiro ezviteshi nenhandare dzendege, nepo digitization uye otomatiki zvakakosha kuti uenderere mberi nekugadzirisa zvinhu.Zvisinei, chisingagoni kukanganwika ndicho chikonzero chevanhu.Kushomeka kwevashandi - kwete vatyairi vemarori chete - kunoratidza kuti kuedza kuchiri kudikanwa kuchengetedza zvinhu zvekutakura zvinhu.
Kugadzirisazve cheni yekugovera kuti ienderere mberi nderimwe dambudziko.
Indasitiri yezvigadzirwa ichine basa rakawanda rekuita, iro pasina mubvunzo rinoratidza kugona kwayo kupa mhinduro dzinochinjika uye dzekugadzira.
Kunobva: logistics management
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-31-2022
